Validation of the hospital anxiety and depression scale for use with adolescents. Hads is a selfreport questionnaire consisting of 16 items, the first 14 of which are scored. Many translated example sentences containing hospital anxiety and depression scale spanishenglish dictionary and search engine for spanish translations. It was divided into an anxiety subscale hadsa and a depression subscale hadsd both containing seven intermingled items. There is also a lack of psychometric evaluations of the hads in nonclinical samples of older people. Hads can detect the presence and severity of mild degrees of mood disorder, anxiety and depression using one brief questionnaire.
Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads tick the box beside the reply that is closest to how you have been feeling in the past week. Assessment of the hospital anxiety and depression scale. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is widely used in both research and clinical contexts. Hospital anxiety and depression scale occupational medicine. Anxiety depression summary the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads assesses anxiety and depression in a nonpsychiatric population through selfreporting. The symptoms of anxiety and depression were measured with the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads.
Depression and anxiety depression and anxiety will be assessed at t 0 and repeated at t 3 with the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads for adults with physical ailments 45. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads, a fourpoint, 14item questionnaire, was tested as a screening method for adjustment disorders and major depressive disorders in a sample of 210. The hospital anxiety and depression scale zigmond 1983. Scores of 07 in respective subscales are considered normal, with 810 borderline and 11 or over indicating clinical caseness. The hads hospital anxiety and depression scale aims to measure symptoms of anxiety hads anxiety and depression hads depression. Tick the box beside the reply that is closest to how you have been feeling in the past week. Outcome measure hospital anxiety and depression scale hads sensitivity to change yes population adult domain psychological status anxiety and depression type of measure selfreport scale icfcodes b152 emotional functions description the hads is a 14item selfreport measure, with seven items forming a depression subscale and another seven measuring anxiety. Among the most commonly encountered of these conditions are anxiety and depression. The aim of this study was to explore the properties of the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads in a sample of 151 young people with asd. The hads questionnaire is pertinent for detecting symptoms of anxiety and.
Hospital anxiety and depression scale deutsche version. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. Reliable information about the coronavirus covid19 is available from the world health organization current situation, international travel. Is the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads a. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads was developed by zigmond and snaith in 1983 to identify caseness possible and probable of anxiety disorders and depression among patients in nonpsychiatric hospital clinics. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads can be used as a diagnostic aid with adolescents, with modifications to the cutoffs reflecting lower rates of depression among adolescents than among adults and higher rates of anxiety. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads was devised 30 years ago by zigmond and snaith to measure anxiety and depression in a general medical population of patients.
Full details of the method of construction of the hads is given. Jul, 2019 hospital anxiety and depression scale hads tick the box beside the reply that is closest to how you have been feeling in the past week. Hospital anxiety and depression scale scoring sheet yes definitely yes sometimes no, not much no, not at all 1. This site is like a library, you could find million book here by using search box in the header. Oclcs webjunction has pulled together information and resources to assist library staff as they consider how to handle coronavirus. One way to measure symptoms of anxiety and depression and their severity is the use of the hospital anxiety and depression scale had scale. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads doctors are aware that emotions play an important part in most illnesses. Clinicians are aware that emotions play an important part in most illnesses. I how are the factor structure, discriminant validity and the internal consistency of hads.
Hads is a 14item scale with seven items each for anxiety and depression subscales. This study examines the psychometric properties of a brief selfreport measure of anxiety and depression, the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads 4, in a sample of veterans evaluated in a department of veterans affairs va polytraumatbi clinic. Many existing hadsd studies have used exploratory methods to select optimal cutoffs. Items are rated on a fourpoint scale 03 and added for the computation of the subscale scores. If your clinician knows about these feelings he or she will be able to help you more. Scale hads is a widely used screening tool that has demonstrated. The validity of the hospital anxiety and depression scale. I get very frightened or have panic feelings for apparently no reason at all. The hads is widely used but has shown ambiguous results both regarding the factor structure and sex differences in the prevalence of depressive symptoms.
To adapt the scale for chilean cancer patients, we used the spanish version 31 of the original scale 27. The term hospital in its title suggests that it is only valid in such a setting but many studies conducted throughout the world have confirmed that it is valid when used in community settings and primary care medical practice. Nov 03, 2015 hads hospital anxiety and depression scale eu eu. Hospital anxiety and depression scale assessment of 100 patients. Hospital anxiety and depression scale, deutsche version hadsd. Factor structure of the hospital anxiety and depression scale. Dec 14, 2005 general practitioners gps diagnostic skills lead to underidentification of generalized anxiety disorders gad and major depressive episodes mde.
A typical rating scale used for depression in clinical trials duration. The study included 263 healthy workers 175 men and 88 women. It seems to be a useful tool for the scrutiny of mood. A validation study of the hospital anxiety and depression. A validation study of the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads in different groups of dutch subjects.
Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads instructions. The term hospital in its title suggests that it is only valid in such a setting but many studies conducted throughout the world have confirmed that it is valid when used in community settings and primary care. Place an x on the answer that best describes how you have been feeling during the last. This questionnaire is designed to help your doctor know how you feel. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads pdf book. Seven of the items relate to anxiety and seven relate to depression. Hads is an assessment scale developed by zigmond and snaith to determine the risks and assess the severity of anxiety and depression 3. Full text the hospital anxiety and depression scale, in patients with. Hads consists of two subscales anxiety and depression scored separately. The hospital anxiety and depression scale health and. Encouragingly, our findings suggest that hads provides a reliable and valid assessment of anxiety and depression in asd. Aug 01, 2003 construction of the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads the study was conducted in the setting of a general medical hospital outpatient clinic. Hospital anxiety and depression scale the hads is a selfadministered scale consisting of 14 items split across anxiety and depression subscales, each with a fourpoint ordinal response format. This is a sample version of the hospital anxiety and.
Ii how does hads perform as a case finder for anxiety disorders and depression. Prevalence of anxiety and depression in osteoarthritis. Hospital anxiety and depression scale deutsche versionhadsd. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads description. James university hospital, leeds, yorkshire, england abstract a selfassessment scale has been developed and found to be a reliable instrument for detecting states of depression and anxi ety in the setting of an.
Accuracy of the hospital anxiety and depression scale for. Subjects rate the 14 items on a fivepoint scale 04. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is a selfrating scale that measures anxiety and depression in both hospital and community settings. Mood and anxiety disorders in patients with copd are likely underdiagnosed, emphasising the need for a reliable and accurate instrument in the recognition of depression. Yes definitely yes sometimes no, not much no, not at all 1. They should give an immediate response and be dissuaded from thinking too long about their answers. The depressive and anxiety sub scales are used to measure the severity of each disorder, with each containing seven. Hads gives clinically meaningful results as a psychological screening tool and can assess the symptom severity and caseness of anxiety disorders and depression in patients with.
Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads in german coronary heart. The 15th and 16th items represent the total anxiety and depression score of the questionnaire. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads a reliable selfrating scale that measures anxiety and depression. Pdf hospital anxiety and depression scale hads aastha. Most physicians are aware of this aspect of the illness of their patients but many feel incompetent to provide the patient with reliable information. Reliability and factor structure of the hospital anxiety. It has become a popular tool, for clinical practice and research. Discriminant validity of the hospital anxiety and depression scale, beck depression inventory ii and beck anxiety inventory to confirmed clinical diagnosis of depression and anxiety in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However uk normative data from hads remains limited.
Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads was originally developed by zigmond and. Diagnostic accuracy of the depression subscale of the. Doctors are aware that emotions play an important part in most illnesses. The had scale is a questionnaire, which has been developed to detect the overall state and severity of anxiety and depression zigmond and snaith, 1983. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads was originally designed by zigmond and snaith in 1983 as a short, easytouse, 14item screening tool for depression and. The depression items tend to focus on the anhedonic symptoms of depression. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads was originally developed by zigmond and snaith 1983 and is commonly used by doctors to determine the levels of anxiety and depression that a person is experiencing. Request pdf on jul 1, 2011, franz petermann and others published hospital anxiety and depression scale, deutsche version hadsd find, read and cite. To reduce the risk of a false positive bias, the scale does not assess symptoms of anxiety and depression related to. Hospital anxiety and depression scale, deutsche version hads.
Hospital anxiety and depression scale, hds page 2 of 4 4 i can laugh and see the funny side of things as much as i always could 0 not quite so much now 1 definitely not so much now 2 not at all 3 5 worrying thoughts go through my mind a great deal of the time 3 a lot of the time 2 not too often 1 very little 0 6 i feel cheerful never 3 not. The validation and reliability of the scale in turkey were carried out by aydemir. Request pdf on apr 1, 2002, andreas hinz and others published hospital anxiety and depression scale deutsche versionhadsd find, read and cite all. The hospital anxiety and depression scale, or hads, was designed to provide a simple yet reliable tool for use in medical practice.
Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads hospital anxiety and depression scale hads detects states of anxiety and depression in an adult population. Factor structure, item analyses and internal consistency in a large population. A 14item scale divided into two subscales, anxiety and depression, each one comprising 7 items depression for even items and anxiety for odd ones. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is a bidirectional selfassessment scale used to screen for clinical depression and anxiety in hospital outpatient medical clinics. The moderate ppv suggests that the hads is best used as a screening questionnaire and not as a caseidenti. The hospital anxiety and depression scale, a physician in general hospital practice said that. The hospital anxiety and depression scale, in patients. Hospital anxiety and depression score hads this questionnaire helps your physician to know how you are feeling. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads springerlink. Read online hospital anxiety and depression scale hads book pdf free download link book now.
Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is an instrument designed to detect the presence and severity of mild degrees of mood disorder, anxiety and depression. The questions relating to anxiety are marked a, and to depression d. James university hospital, leeds, yorkshire, england abstract a selfassessment scale has been developed and found to be a reliable instrument for detecting states of depression and anxi. Psychological distress was assessed using the hospital anxiety and depression scale german form, hadsd 71, an instrument for screening anxiety and depression in primarily somatically ill patients. It is presented as an easy to use questionnai re which allows to establish the presence and. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads acer. Introduction the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is a 14item selfreport screening scale. Numerous and frequentlyupdated resource results are available from this search. The depressive and anxiety subscales are used to measure the severity of each disorder, with each. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is a brief selfreporting twodimensional questionnaire developed to screen for levels of anxiety and depression among patients in a general hospital setting. If your doctor knows about these feelings he or she will be able to help you more.
Supplement of brief questionnaires could improve the diagnostic accuracy of gps for these common mental disorders. The hads is a fourteen item scale that generates ordinal data. Introduction the depression subscale of the hospital anxiety and depression scale hadsd has been recommended for depression screening in medically ill patients. The hospital anxiety and depression scale, or hads, was. The anxiety and depressive subscales are also valid measures of severity of the emotional disorder. Validity of the beck depression inventory, hospital anxiety and depression scale, scl90, and hamilton depression rating scale as screening instruments for depression in stroke patients. The aims of this study were to examine the usefulness of the hospital anxiety and depression rating scale hads for gps by. Originally developed by zigmond and snaith 1983 and is commonly used to determine the levels of anxiety and depression that a patient is experiencing. Is the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads a valid. A validation study of the hospital anxiety and depression scale.
This questionnaire is designed to help your clinician to know how you feel. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is a valid and reliable selfrating scale that measures anxiety and depression in both hospital and community settings. This tool has been translated and validated in many countries and its. Normative data for the hospital anxiety and depression scale.
The aims of this study are to ascertain the prevalence of anxiety and depressive disorders in an outpatient population with osteoarthritis oa, examine the interrelationships between severity of oa, pain, disability, and depression, and evaluate the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads as a screening tool for this population. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads tick the box beside the. Hospital anxiety and depression scale manual 2019 natural. Each of the two scales, anxiety and depression, comprises 7 items, with a 4point scale. Hospital anxiety and depression scale scoring sheet. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads spinal cord. Hads hospital anxiety and depression scale youtube. Responses are based on the relative frequency of symptoms over the past week. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads patients are asked to choose one response from the four given for each interview. There is a need to assess the contribution of mood disorder, especially anxiety and depression, in order to understand the experience of suffering in the setting of medical practice. Validation of the hospital anxiety and depression scale.
The hadsdepression subscale score was comparable for severity of visual impairment. The factor structure of the german language version of the hads was. The hospital anxiety and depression scale 363 table 1 numbers of patients in each category according to subscale scores depression scale non doubtful scores cases cases cases 07 57 11 1 810 8 7 3 1121 1 4 8 and the rating scale of any respondent who replied positively to either of these questions was discarded. The associations between anxietydepression and plasma. Frontiers symptoms of anxiety and depression in young. The 15th and 16th items represent the total anxiety and depression score of. Hospital anxiety and depression scale, deutsche version. Hospital anxiety and depression scale rehabmeasures database. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads detects states of anxiety and depression in an adult population. Assesses anxiety and depression in a nonpsychiatric population. The result of the study undertaken for this purpose was published under the title of the hospital anxiety and depression scale.